Clinical immunology (ELISA TYPES) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Clinical immunology (ELISA TYPES) - leaven ExampleFigureure 1 The targeted antigens that atomic number 18 found in the wells are attached to the labelled antibodies where substrate is added in order to form a reaction with enzymes conjugated antibodies form a yellow coloriseation in case of positive results and for negative results, blue.Monoclonal antibodies are obtained from single B-cell clones and they one biding site just that can recognize a single epitope of the antigens. These are prepared through the use of specificity desired by the hybridoma technology that is used to develop cells that are immortalized which can secrete the immunoglobulin desired (Nairn, 2002). On the separate hand, the polyclonal antibodies come from immunised animals, obtained from various B-cells and they have heterogeneous collections of binding sites that help to recognize different epitopes (Kindt, 2006). organize ELISA certain monoclonal antibodies are found attached to walls of microtiter p late where the serum specimen is charge to the wells so that they can be tested for complementary antigens presence. Where the antigen is present in the attached specimen, it binds the monoclonal antibodies. The other antigens or molecules that are not bound, by the monoclonal antibodies are then swear out away. Enzyme conjugated antibodies also known as secondary monoclonal are added and they are washed without any(prenominal) bond. The reason is that the enzymes that are conjugated to the monoclonal antibodies have receptors that are designed in such a way that they produce colour changes in the event that substrates are added. In the event that the antigens suspected are present, a complex of primary monoclonal antibodies, antigens and enzymes conjugated antibodies are formed and they will cause colour changes after substrates are added. The final results are then measured using optical technology. Colour does not change to yellow if the suspected antigens are not present whe re a