A Balanced Review of Strengths and Weaknesses of Learning

Review of Learning in the Panic Z atomic number 53 Strategies for Managing Learner Anxiety Introduction It is generally concord that interrogation merchantman be divided from antithetical perspectives, such as being grouped into empirical and philosophical look into according to whether amass entropy or not (Allison, 2012). So does amicable explore, which features rivet on people in a sociable setting (Robson, 2011, p. 5) and aims at achieving look into purposes of action, change and emancipation (Robson, 2011, p. 39).In terms of research paradigms, social research down the stairsside be divided into numeric research and qualitative research, usually the former foc victimisation on collecting numerical information and the latter centralizeing on collecting information of words (Robson, 2011, p. 5). indeed being aw ar of diametric supposititious approaches, researchers become reflexive, creative, and capable of reinvention and exploitation (Robson, 2011, p. 41) . Also according to Robson, the kind of research refers to applied research projects which atomic number 18 typically teeny in scurf and modest in mountain range, is termed as real world research (Robson, 2011, p. 3).It usually solves problems and issues of direct relevancy to peoples lives (Robson, 2011, p. 4). And the research under review, which applies strategies into real programs (Palethorpe & deoxyadenosine monophosphate Wilson, 2011, p. 420), seems to be this kind of research. In this engagement, I am going to evaluate the bind under review from the aspects of strengths and weaknesses, and relate the analysis to the broader issues of research. Strengths Firstly, to some extent, this article is formally logical and well-organized by using subheadings and questions like How do trainers support learners who take on challenging tasks? (Palethorpe & adenine Wilson, 2011, p. 427). Realizing the GAP (Shon, 2012, p. 3) in belles-lettres that few attending has been paid to positive effect of stress in real cases (Palethorpe & angstrom unit Wilson, 2011, p. 420), the researchers formed their research questions, presented their RAT (Shon, 2012, p. 3) and then came the research frame and research method, multi-strategy design (Robson, 2011, p. 6) and triangulation (Cohen, 2007, p. 141) respectively. Seen from the perspective of the research design, it is closely related to previous publications and theory, and tries to answer research questions by adopting certain research methods.Finally, with the conclusion indicating that the theoretical strategies be in accordance with the comfort-stretch-panic model in previous literature and recommending further studies (Palethorpe & ampere Wilson, 2011, p. 435). Secondly, as a social research, it is of great appraise to keep a scientific attitude systematically, sceptically and ethically (Robson, 2011, p. 15). Specifically, by saying systematically, I mean this research is well on the watch and arranged by two sufferd trainer and consultant, with over hexad years experience of providing consultancy in training (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 38) and more(prenominal) than 30 years experience in education and training (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 420) separately. So they some(prenominal) have a clear understanding of what, how and why they are doing in the research. They made a detailed exposition of literature, including theoretical solutions to enfeeble learner anxiety (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 421) and practical measures that a trainer can take to prepare learners for challenging tasks (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 427) and designed the questionnaires in research utilizing the strategies in literature.Such a coherent process of research design is adequate for the first aspect of scientific attitude. And by saying sceptically, I mean the researchers have recognized its limitations of using a small sample of 30 potential participants and the absence of trainees f eedback and so recommended future track down of considering the individual personal differences and how these impact differential responses to stressful situations (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 435), thence subjecting ideas to possible disconfirmation (Robson, 2011, p. 5). And finally, ethically is represented during the questionnaires, which were sent only to those who indicated availability to ease with the research (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 428). The third part of advantages localisees on research method. have strategies of survey and interview, it is obvious that this research mainly conducts qualitative research method. However, it can also be calledtriangulation because of the close connection among literature, survey and interviews. jibe to Cohen, triangulation may be defined as the use of two or more methods of data collection in the turn over of some aspect of human look (Cohen, 2007, p. 141). It is often utilise to mean bringing different kinds of evi dence to birth on a problem (Esterberg, 2002, p. 176). Here in the article under review, by saying triangulation, the researchers adopted the approach of triangulating literature, survey and interview. According to different literatures, in that location are many types of triangulation and each has its own characteristics, of which theoretical triangulation (Cohen, 2007, p. 42) and methodology triangulation (Cohen, 2007, p. 142) are reflected in this research. According to Cohen, the former draws upon alternative or competing theories in preference to utilizing one viewpoint only and the other uses either the identical method on different occasions, or different methods on the same object of issue (Cohen, 2007, p. 142). Sometimes different theories and results from conducting different methods lead to engagement conclusions, it does not mean the research is wrong, it may indicates the necessary of further study and research in wider field.So by adopting different types of t riangulation, researchers feel more overconfident of their findings and enhance grimness (Cohen, 2007, p. 141). Similar with triangulation, at that place are also variant kinds of stiffness. The type I will focus on is simultaneous hardship because it is the type enhanced in the article I am evaluating. How does the triangulation ensuring concurrent validity (Cohen, 2007, p. 140) is the main concern of this part. Concurrent validity is a play of criterion-related validity (Cohen, 2007, p. 40), also called criterion validity by Perri and Bellamy, implying whether the measures are in line with other measures of the same content that are generally authentic as valid in the wider research community (Perri 6& Bellamy, 2012, p. 92). To demonstrate this form of validity the data ga in that locationd from using one instrument must correlate highly with data ga on that pointd from using another instrument (Cohen, 2007, p. 140). To be specific, in this article under review, the da ta is collected both from survey and interview with the guidance of a grown amount of literature, applying theoretical riangulation and methodology triangulation, thus the concurrent validity is comparatively ensured. As Lancy indicates, using multiple data sources also allows one to fill up in gaps that would occur if we relied on only one source (Lancy, 1993, p. 20). kick the bucket but not the least, the research draws on the advantages of its research designs. According to Robson, social research design can be separated into fixed design and flexible design (Robson, 2011, p. 5). And the key to distinguish these two designs is whether the procedure and focus of research is fixed or not (Robson, 2011, p. ). However, it should be noticed that there overlaps amongst them. For example, one specific fixed-designed research could be flexible work outd by qualitative data. So for those using both qualitative and quantitative data, there come multi-strategy designs (Robson, 2011, p. 6). Here by saying multi-strategy, which has substantial collection of both qualitative and quantitative data in different phases or aspects of the same project (Robson, 2011, p. 6), I do not mean that it contradicts the qualitative research method.It means a research design of combining qualitative and quantitative elements when conducting the qualitative research method. In a narrow sense, the method used in this article should not be called as multi-strategy because the qualitative elements consider for a larger proportion. However, the researchers take advantages of using both elements. For example, though there is tendency for people to over-choose the middle option (Thomas, 2011, p. 178), the quantitative approach of five-point Likert scale (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 29) does help the researchers from the trouble of getting specific data from the generalization description. And for the analysis, evaluation and interpretation of data and sample, this paper uses descri ptive statistics (methods used to reiterate or describe our observations) (Rowntree, 2000, p. 19) to summarize the sample of research and indicates that future study is needed for inferential statistics, which is concerned with generalizing from a sample, to answer estimates and inferences about a wider population (Rowntree, 2000, p. 1). By using opportunistic purposive sampling, the researchers regarded respondents as representatives of a diverse group of trainers from across the UK with male and female person trainers antiquated between 26-55 years (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 428), one might hold the thought process that using mechanical methods (Rowntree, 2000, p. 24) of selecting randomly is a safe way to make a unbiased representative sample, however, it is conceivable that you could use random methods and liquid end up with a biased sample (Rowntree, 2000, p. 25).So considering the rich experience of the researchers, the opportunistic purposive sampling is a better choice to vitiate the less representativeness of random sampling. Weaknesses However, there are some reservations. Firstly, when analyzing the effectiveness of different strategies, it seems that the researchers have not thought about control variable. According to David and Sutton, control variable means a variable that influences the relationship between the independent and dependent variables (David & Sutton, 2011, p. 11). Though it is a term in mathematical notation, I would suggest using it and adopting control groups in each training program. Otherwise the variables such as the difference of trainees, trainers and training environs among different programs might influence the validity of data. Maybe this limitation is difficult for researchers to avoid because of the fact that the training is not conducted by the researchers themselves. The data are indirectly collected as comments/feedbacks from different trainers.Thus to some extent, it is really hard to make sure the validity of data in this research since there are so many variables. Moreover, even after adopting control groups and examine data from several groups in one particular training program, the validity of data is easily to be influenced by unwieldy variables. Taking interviews for example, uncontrollable variables could be characteristics of the interviewers, interactions of interviewer/respondent characteristics and privacy concerns of the respondents (Robson, 2011, p. 241).Although the researchers have tried to do the outdo by adopting semi- incorporate interview (Thomas, 2011, p. 164), indicating that 11 respondents were interviewed in a guided formless format in which participants were allowed a considerable degree of latitude to render their opinions within the interview framework (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 429), they have not excluded the influence of the framework. So it is earlier difficult for the researchers to ensure the validity of data and to precisely achie ve the research purpose.And another influence about the validity the researchers might not consider well is the representativeness of the sample. Considering that the research mainly focus on questionnaire-based surveys (Internet surveys and interview surveys specifically) (Robson, 2011, p. 240), which ignores the characteristics of non-respondents (Robson, 2011, p. 240), it is doubtable to say that the sample of respondents is representative (Robson, 2011, p. 240).Maybe it is more persuasive to say that our statistical methodology enables us to collect samples that are likely to be as representative as possible (Rowntree, 2000, p. 23) rather than the respondents represented a diverse group of trainers from across the UK with male and female trainers aged between 26-55 years (Palethorpe & Wilson, 2011, p. 428). Conclusion To sum up, this naming evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the article under review in the framework of different methodology and methods.Within the arti cle, by comparing the positive aspects and problematic areas, it is relatively persuasive for the authors to cry their findings. And the contributions they made by putting the theories into practice are highly apprehended since it is a real world research. References 1. Allison, P. (2012). The source of knowledge Course instauration Vedio. United Kingdom The University of Edinburgh. 2. Cohen, L. , Manion, L. , & Morrison, K. (2007). inquiry methods in education. (6th ed. ). London & New York Routledge. 3.David, M. , & Sutton, C. D. (2011). Social research An Introduction. (2nd ed. ). New Delhi SAGE. 4. Esterberg, K. G. (2002). Qualitative methods in social research. United States The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 5. Lancy, D. F. (1993). Qualitative research in education An door to the major tradition. New York Longman. 6. Palethorpe, R. , & Wilson, J. P. (2011). Learning in the panic zona Strategies for managing learner anxiety. Journal of European Industrial Training , 35(5), 420-438. 7. Perri 6, & Bellamy, C. (2012).Principles of methodology Research design in social science. Croydon SAGE. 8. Robson, C. (2011). Real world research. (3rd ed. ). Cornwall John Wiley&Sons Ltd. 9. Rowntree, D. (2000). Statistics without tears An introduction for non-mathematicians. London Penguin Group. 10. Shon, P. C. H. (2012). How to read journal articles in the social sciences. London SAGE. 11. Thomas, G. (2011). How to do your research project. London SAGE. Self Assessment chronicle When you submit your naming for this course you also need to include a self assessment document.This is a student version of the mark sheet of paper and must include at least one sentence under each of the headings. Do not suggest a grade for your assignment POSTGRADUATE ASSIGNMENT SELF ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT Course appellation The sources of knowledge Year 2012 Matriculation number s1262299 1. association and Understanding of Concepts Has the student understood the methodo logical concepts used (or not) by the authors in the papers? Yes, I understand the methodological concepts used by the authors in the paper under review by evaluating it from different perspectives in a balanced view. . Knowledge and Use of the Literature Has the student shown evidence of reading core and secondary texts? Yes, I have shown evidence of reading core and supplementary texts by citing their opinion. 3. Critical Reflection on Theory and Practice Has the student explained and critically evaluated the pros and cons of the methodology (theory) and methods (practice) the papers analysed? Yes, I have explained and evaluated the pros and cons of the methodology and methods the paper analysed in a balanced view.And I have tried to judge on the basis of what the authors set out to achieve and consider the space they have, thus not being too critical. 4. Constructing Academic Discourse Has the student structured the assignment effectively, adopted an appropriately academic st yle and tone? spell? Vocabulary? Grammar? Format? Fluency? Yes, I have structured my assignment effectively and adopted an appropriately academic style and tone. I have checked it to make sure of the correctness of the spelling, vocabulary, grammar, format and fluency. All of the in a higher place four areas receive equal weighting